Dr. Aditya Sardana

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    • #2640

      Psychokinesis (PK) is defined as the paranormal phenomenon involving the direct action of mind, without any physical intermediation, upon matter or a material body (physical effect). The term “Psychokinesis” is composed of Psycho (mind) + Kinesis (action or movement) – use of mind to produce action or movement. An example of Psychokinesis that can help easily understanding this process is stated here – the conscious effort of a subject’s mind to influence the fall of a dice in a dice-throwing experiment, in such a way, that only that face of the dice shows-up that has been dictated by the subject’s mind. Other terms or phrases that are sometimes used to describe the process of Psychokinesis include Mind over Matter and Telekinesis. The term “Telekinesis” is composed of – Tele (distance) + Kinesis (action or movement) – action at a distance. Psychokinesis (PK) and Extrasensory perception / ESP (To learn about ESP, click here – what is ESP?) are the two main paranormal phenomena that constitute the field of Parapsychology (To learn about Parapsychology, click here: what is Parapsychology?).

    • #2631

      The Extrasensory Perception or ESP encompasses three types of perceptions, without the involvement of the channels of senses – the perception of impressions (thoughts, feelings, etc.) from one mind to another (subjective events); the perception of events associated with objects without the involvement of another mind (objective events); and the perception of future events. The commonly used terms for Extrasensory Perception (ESP) include the Ultra-perceptive Faculty, Paranormal Cognition, Super-sensory Perception, Intuition, and Sixth Sense. ESP (Extrasensory Perception) incorporates the paranormal phenomena of Telepathy, Clairvoyance, and Precognition. To learn about Telepathy, click here – what is Telepathy? Clairvoyance – Clair (clear) + Voyance (seeing) is defined as the extrasensory perception of objective events without the involvement of impression-transfer from another mind. An example of Clairvoyance is the identification of inverted cards placed on the table. Precognition – Pre (beforehand) + Cognition (to learn) – is defined as the extrasensory perception of the events that would occur in the future and cannot be predicted by interpreting the data available in the present time.

    • #2626

      A Coronavirus is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. In both human beings and animals, Coronaviruses usually cause respiratory (for example, common cold) and gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) infections. Both the deadly diseases – MERS and SARS are due to Coronaviruses. In cats, a specific coronavirus causes Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Coronaviruses cause inflammation of intestines in dogs, turkeys, ferrets, pigs, kittens, livestock, crias, horses, etc. For full information on Coronaviruses and diseases caused by Coronaviruses in human beings and animals, see this book – Coronaviruses Revealed – A Scientific Review.

      You can buy this book at discounted rate at Adidarwinian products and services store here https://adidarwinian.com/product/coronaviruses-revealed-a-scientific-review/

    • #2612

      Peritonitis is the inflammation of the Peritoneum. Peritoneum is the serous membrane which lines the inner wall of the abdomen (this part of the peritoneum is called the Parietal Peritoneum) and covers the organs in the abdominal cavity (this part of the peritoneum is called the Visceral Peritoneum). The space enclosed between the Parietal Peritoneum and the Visceral Peritoneum is called the Peritoneal Cavity.

    • #2599

      The term “Telepathy” is a combination of Tele (Distant) + Pathy (Feeling), and thus, it means “Distant Feeling”. The term “Telepathy” was coined by Frederic Myers. The definition of Telepathy can be stated as follows – the communication or transfer of impressions of any kind (thoughts, feelings, etc.) from one mind to another, without the intermediation of the recognized channels of senses. The terms that are often used for Telepathy include, viz. – Thought Reading, Thought Transference, Mind Reading, Mental Telegraphy, Mental Telepathy, and Mind to Mind Communication. Telepathy, itself, is a part of a wider phenomenon known as ESP or Extrasensory Perception. ESP (Extrasensory Perception) includes the phenomena of Telepathy, Clairvoyance, and Precognition.

    • #2575

      Pneumonia is the infection of the lungs leading to the inflammation of the lungs. Pneumonia can occur in one or both of the lungs. Pneumonia is caused by certain bacteria, viruses, and fungi.


      Pneumonia usually spreads through air (airborne disease) contaminated with Pneumonia-causing pathogens. Inhaling a foreign material (here, a material foreign or unusual to the lungs) such as food, liquid or drink, vomit, or saliva into the lungs can also cause Pneumonia, which is termed as Aspiration Pneumonia.


      Common symptoms of Pneumonia include dry cough or cough with mucus / phlegm (productive cough or wet cough), fever, chills, and difficulty in breathing. Pneumonia caused by bacteria (Bacterial pneumonia) is treated with antibiotics. To treat Pneumonia caused by viruses (Viral Pneumonia), antiviral medicines may be prescribed by a physician. Antipyretics (medicines that reduce fever) are prescribed to reduce body temperature to normal. In severe cases, hospitalization is necessary.


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    • #2551

      A Virion is the infectious or infective form of a virus that exists outside the host cell and is capable of surviving in metabolically inert or crystalline form. A Virion is called a complete virus particle as it consists of a nucleic acid core (ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) surrounded by a protein coat (known as Capsid) and/or an external envelope.

    • #2513

      MERS is the acronym for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. MERS is a viral respiratory disease caused by a virus named MERS CoV. Following good hygiene practices and avoiding close contact with sick people can help protect you from contracting MERS virus. For comprehensive and latest information on MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) including its geographic distribution, cause, spread of MERS CoV, symptoms, lab tests, mortality rate, treatment, vaccine, and health tips for protection from MERS – refer to this research health article – MERS – Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.

    • #2463

      Prosthetics is a branch of surgery or dentistry or allied health sciences that deals with the design, manufacturing, and application of Prostheses (click here to see – What are Prostheses?). Prosthetics is considered both as an art and a science as the process of fabrication and application of prosthetic devices or prostheses involves a high degree of skill and precision on the part of a Prothetist (a health care professional who practices Prosthetics) in order to customize the prosthetic device for meeting an individual’s unique requirements.

    • #2456

      A Prosthesis is a device that acts as an artificial substitute for a missing body part or which improves the function of an impaired or defective body part. The plural form of Prosthesis is Prostheses. Prostheses are sometimes used for aesthetic or cosmetic purposes, for example, breast augmentation procedures. Examples of Prosthetic devices include artificial limbs, prosthetic limbs, prosthetic legs, arm prostheses, prosthetic hands, heart valves, silicone breasts (breast implants), penile prostheses (penis implants), hearing aids, ocular prosthesis (artificial eye or eye implant), joint prosthesis (knee replacement, hip replacement, etc), dental prostheses, etc.

    • #2303

      WNT signaling pathway is a critical cell signaling pathway involved in the regulation of many important cellular processes. In the WNT signaling pathway, the WNT proteins, which are expressed by the Wnt genes, bind as ligands to the extracellular part of the transmembrane receptors belonging to the Frizzled (Fz) family. The proteins of the LDL receptor–related protein (LRP) family act as co-receptors. The binding of the WNT proteins to the cell surface receptors triggers a cascade of events within the cell (intracellular events).

      WNT proteins belong to a large, evolutionarily conserved family of extracellular signaling molecules. The Wnt proteins play a major role during embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis. The Wnt signaling pathway controls cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell movement and cell migration, and body axis patterning. The Wnt cell signaling plays an important role as the regulator of stem cells. Abnormal activation of the Wnt pathway has been linked to various types of the human cancers such as colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, etc. WNT signaling pathway is thought to play a vital role in deciphering the biology of cancer.

    • #2236

      A Supernova (plural – Supernovas or Supernovae) is an explosion that occurs at the end of the life cycle of a star. It occurs when, due to the star’s own gravity, the temperature in the core of a White Dwarf Star, having a mass more than 1.4 times the mass of the Sun (more than the Chandrasekhar Limit), rises significantly resulting in a nuclear fusion explosion (Thermonuclear Supernova); or when a massive star collapses under its own enormous gravitational pull into a dense Neutron Star or an extremely dense Black Hole (Core-collapse Supernova) resulting in the release of a massive amount of energy. Supernovas are one of the extremely energetic and violent events taking place in the universe. The Supernova explosion generates highly intense shock waves along with an extremely bright flash of light that may be as strong as the light of billions of Suns.

    • #2219

      Bioarchaeology deals with the scientific study of the prehistoric people by studying the human remains found at the archaeological sites. Bioarchaeology helps in understanding the health state, quality of life, social status, cultural aspects, and economic aspects of the prehistoric people. Biological anthropologists (Physical anthropologists) study Bioarchaeology as a part of Biological Anthropology (Physical Anthropology).

    • #2194

      When a massive star reaches the end of its lifetime, it explodes as a Supernova. The outer layers of the star are blown off and only the cold core of the star is left. This remnant core of the massive star gets so much compressed under its own gravitational pull that an extremely dense object is formed which is called the Black Hole. Because of the extreme density of a Black Hole, the Black Hole’s gravitational force of attraction is so strong that even the light is unable to escape from it. As light fails to come out from the Black Holes, they cannot be seen by our eyes.

    • #2172

      Biotechnology is the branch of Biology which involves the application of the living organisms or biological materials like enzymes for specific technological or industrial uses such as in the manufacture of drugs, vaccines, synthetic hormones, production of monoclonal antibodies, degradation of wastes, use in agriculture (for example, the production of Transgenic plants or Genetically Modified Crops or GM crops or GMCs or Genetically Engineered Crops), use in brewing industry (production of alcoholic drinks like beer, ale, etc), and many others. Biotechnology is one of the Applied Biological Sciences.

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